Supplemental Article -Is Psychology a Science? / Persistent Questions in Psychology Which of the following statements would you attribute to a psychical determinist? Mark yells at his wife because he lives in a part of the world where the religious belief is that women are subordinate to men. Mark yells at his wife because she then complies to his demands. Mark yells at his wife because his superego is simply too underdeveloped to control his id. Mark yells at his wife because of the presence of unusually high levels of the male hormone testosterone in his system.

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Supplemental Article -Is Psychology a Science? / Persistent Questions in Psychology Which of the following statements would you attribute to a psychical determinist? Mark yells at his wife because he lives in a part of the world where the religious belief is that women are subordinate to men. Mark yells at his wife because she then complies to his demands. Mark yells at his wife because his superego is simply too underdeveloped to control his id. Mark yells at his wife because of the presence of unusually high levels of the male hormone testosterone in his system.

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The answer is **Mark yells at his wife because his superego is simply too underdeveloped to control his id.**Here's why:* **Psychical determinism** is a core principle of Freudian psychoanalysis. It posits that all mental processes, including seemingly random thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, are determined by unconscious forces and prior experiences. These forces are often in conflict (id, ego, superego).Let's look at why the other options are incorrect:* **Mark yells at his wife because he lives in a part of the world where the religious belief is that women are subordinate to men.** This attributes the behavior to sociocultural factors, not internal psychological forces.* **Mark yells at his wife because she then complies to his demands.** This suggests operant conditioning (behavior reinforced by consequences) which is a behavioral perspective, not psychodynamic.* **Mark yells at his wife because of the presence of unusually high levels of the male hormone testosterone in his system.** This attributes the behavior to biological factors, specifically hormones. While Freud acknowledged biological drives, psychical determinism emphasizes the interplay of psychological structures (id, ego, superego).

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