Question
a. Define the following terms with respect to electrical circuit: i. Ampere (2 Marks) ii. Voltage (2 Marks) b. Explain the main function of a Light-Emitting Diode (LED). [2 Marks] c. State the Kirchhoff's current law (2 Marks) d. Explain how the field of semiconductor impacts Information Technology. [3 Marks] e. Discuss the importance of mixed signal electronics in real world systems. [3 Marks] f. Outline the primary function of a Zener diode hence explain how it differs from a regular diode. [3 Marks] g. State TWO factors that determine an LED's color,and how you can change the LED's emission color. [3 Marks] h. A light bulb draws 0.5A current at an input voltage of 240 V. Determine the resistance of the filament (3 Marks) i. A load generally refers to a piece of equipment konnected to the output of an __
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Conrad
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Answer
a. Define the following terms with respect to electrical circuit:i. AmpereAn ampere (A) is the unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as the amount of charge passing through a point in an electric circuit per unit time, equivalent to one coulomb per second.ii. VoltageVoltage, also known as electric potential difference, is the measure of the electric potential energy per unit charge between two points in a circuit. It is measured in volts (V) and represents the force that pushes electric charges through a conductor.b. Explain the main function of a Light Emitting Diode (LED).The main function of a Light Emitting Diode (LED) is to emit light when an electric current passes through it. LEDs are semiconductor devices that convert electrical energy into light energy, making them efficient sources of illumination for various applications.c. State Kirchhoff's current law.Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) states that the total current entering a junction or node in an electrical circuit is equal to the total current leaving the junction. Mathematically, the sum of currents entering a node is equal to the sum of currents exiting the node.d. Explain how the field of semiconductors impacts Information Technology.The field of semiconductors has a profound impact on Information Technology by enabling the development of essential components such as transistors, integrated circuits (ICs), and microprocessors. These components form the backbone of modern electronic devices, including computers, smartphones, and communication systems, driving advancements in processing power, data storage, and connectivity.e. Discuss the importance of mixed signal electronics in real-world systems.Mixed signal electronics, which combine both analog and digital circuits, are crucial in real-world systems because they enable the integration of diverse functionalities within a single device. This integration allows for efficient processing of real-world signals (analog) alongside digital data, leading to improved performance, reduced size, and lower power consumption in applications such as telecommunications, medical devices, and consumer electronics.f. Outline the primary function of a Zener diode and explain how it differs from a regular diode.The primary function of a Zener diode is to regulate voltage in a circuit by allowing current to flow in the reverse direction when a specific breakdown voltage is reached. Unlike regular diodes, which only allow current to flow in one direction (forward bias), Zener diodes are designed to operate in reverse bias mode and maintain a constant voltage across their terminals, making them useful for voltage regulation and protection.g. State TWO factors that determine an LED's color, and how you can change the LED's emission color.Two factors that determine an LED's color are:1. The material composition of the semiconductor: Different semiconductor materials emit different wavelengths of light, resulting in various colors.2. The energy band gap of the semiconductor: The energy band gap determines the wavelength (and thus the color) of the emitted light.To change the LED's emission color, you can alter the semiconductor material or modify the doping levels to adjust the energy band gap.h. A light bulb draws 0.5A current at an input voltage of 240 V. Determine the resistance of the filament.Using Ohm's Law (V = IR), we can calculate the resistance (R) of the filament:
i. A load generally refers to a piece of equipment connected to the output of an __A load generally refers to a piece of equipment connected to the output of an electrical power source or circuit.