A2-1. The TCPS 2 defines research as"an undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry and/or systematic investigation Which of the following activities fall within this definition (select all that apply)? Professor A meets with colleagues in their department to discuss a research question of interest to them with a view to refining the question Professor A meets with representatives of a community to discuss conducting research within that community on the topic they discussed with their colleagues. Professor A designs a pilot study to address that research question, and gets a small group of individuals to take part in the study. Professor A revises the study based on their experience with the pilot study participants, and administers the full study to a group of 100 participants.

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A2-1. The TCPS 2 defines research as"an undertaking intended to extend knowledge through a disciplined inquiry and/or systematic investigation Which of the following activities fall within this definition (select all that apply)? Professor A meets with colleagues in their department to discuss a research question of interest to them with a view to refining the question Professor A meets with representatives of a community to discuss conducting research within that community on the topic they discussed with their colleagues. Professor A designs a pilot study to address that research question, and gets a small group of individuals to take part in the study. Professor A revises the study based on their experience with the pilot study participants, and administers the full study to a group of 100 participants.

Answer 1

The following activities fall under the TCPS 2 definition of research:* **Professor A designs a pilot study to address that research question, and gets a small group of individuals to take part in the study.** This is a systematic investigation with the intent to extend knowledge on the research question. The pilot study's data collection and analysis contribute to a disciplined inquiry.* **Professor A revises the study based on their experience with the pilot study participants and administers the full study to a group of 100 participants.** This is a continuation and expansion of the research process. Revising the study based on pilot data and then conducting a larger study is a clear example of a systematic investigation intended to extend knowledge.The first two options, while important steps in the research *process*, do not themselves constitute "research" as defined by TCPS 2:* **Professor A meets with colleagues…to discuss a research question…with a view to refining the question.** This is part of developing the research question but doesn't involve actual data collection or analysis. It's a preliminary step *before* research begins.* **Professor A meets with representatives of a community…to discuss conducting research within that community…** This is an essential ethical consultation, especially in community-based research, but it's part of the planning and relationship-building phase. It precedes the actual "undertaking" of research. It's about *preparing* to conduct research, not conducting it.

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