While researching a topic.a student has taken the following notes: The Mpemba effect is the observation that, under certain conditions, warmer water can freeze faster than colder water. The effect is named after Erasto Mpemba, a Tanzanian student who observed it in 1963 while making ice cream. The Mpemba effect appears to contradict the laws of thermodynamics. as a hotter liquid would be expected to take longer to freeze than a colder liquid. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the Mpemba effect, including convection , evaporation, and supercooling. Despite numerous experimental observations and theories, the Mpemba effect remains poorly understood. The student wants to emphasize the puzzling nature of the Mpemba effect. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? Choose 1 answer: A The Mpemba effect, named after Tanzanian student Erasto Mpemba, is the phenomenon of warmer water freezing faster than colder water. B The Mpemba effect, which defies expectations based on the laws of thermodynamics, is still largely a mystery to scientists. C The laws of thermodynamics are still poorly understood, as illustrated by the confusing nature of the Mpemba effect. D The mechanisms of convection evaporation, and supercooling all seem to conflict with the Mpemba effect.

Question

While researching a topic.a student has taken the following notes: The Mpemba effect is the observation that, under certain conditions, warmer water can freeze faster than colder water. The effect is named after Erasto Mpemba, a Tanzanian student who observed it in 1963 while making ice cream. The Mpemba effect appears to contradict the laws of thermodynamics. as a hotter liquid would be expected to take longer to freeze than a colder liquid. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the Mpemba effect, including convection , evaporation, and supercooling. Despite numerous experimental observations and theories, the Mpemba effect remains poorly understood. The student wants to emphasize the puzzling nature of the Mpemba effect. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal? Choose 1 answer: A The Mpemba effect, named after Tanzanian student Erasto Mpemba, is the phenomenon of warmer water freezing faster than colder water. B The Mpemba effect, which defies expectations based on the laws of thermodynamics, is still largely a mystery to scientists. C The laws of thermodynamics are still poorly understood, as illustrated by the confusing nature of the Mpemba effect. D The mechanisms of convection evaporation, and supercooling all seem to conflict with the Mpemba effect.

Answer 1

The best answer is **B**. Here's why:* **Focus on the Puzzle:** The question asks for an emphasis on the *puzzling* nature of the Mpemba effect. Option B directly addresses this by stating that the effect "is still largely a mystery to scientists" and highlights the defiance of thermodynamic expectations.* **Accurate Use of Notes:** Option B accurately reflects the notes, which mention the apparent contradiction with thermodynamics and the lack of complete understanding.* **Why other options are incorrect:** * **A:** Simply defines the effect without highlighting the mystery. * **C:** Misrepresents the notes. Thermodynamics is not poorly understood; the Mpemba effect's relationship to it is. * **D:** Incorrectly states the mechanisms *conflict* with the effect. They are proposed explanations, not contradictions.

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