2. In Goldfish the allele 8 codes for black spots and the allele b codes for no spots, B is completely dominant over b. Also Fin shape is controlled by another gene in which a small smooth edged fins are dominant to large frilly fins, use Fand f to represent the alleles of this gene a. For the following crosses BBFF X BbFF and Bbff X BbFf 1. Describe the Phenotypic Ratios ii. What are the chances of having offspring that are recessive for both traits? iii What are the chances of having offspring that are dominate for both traits?

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2. In Goldfish the allele 8 codes for black spots and the allele b codes for no spots, B is completely dominant over b. Also Fin shape is controlled by another gene in which a small smooth edged fins are dominant to large frilly fins, use Fand f to represent the alleles of this gene a. For the following crosses BBFF X BbFF and Bbff X BbFf 1. Describe the Phenotypic Ratios ii. What are the chances of having offspring that are recessive for both traits? iii What are the chances of having offspring that are dominate for both traits?

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**a. Cross 1: BBFF x BbFF*** **i. Phenotypic Ratio:**First, let's determine the possible gametes each parent can produce:* BBFF can only produce BF gametes.* BbFF can produce BF and bF gametes.Now, we can construct a Punnett square:| | BF | bF ||---|----|----|| BF | BBFF | BbFF || BF | BBFF | BbFF |All offspring will have black spots and smooth fins. Therefore, the phenotypic ratio is 100% black spots, smooth fins.* **ii. Chances of recessive traits:**There are no offspring with the recessive phenotype (no spots, frilly fins) because neither parent carries the recessive allele for spots (b) and only one parent carries the recessive allele for fin shape (f), which is not enough to produce an ff offspring. The chance is 0%.* **iii. Chances of dominant traits:**All offspring will display both dominant traits (black spots and smooth fins). The chance is 100%.**b. Cross 2: Bbff x BbFf*** **i. Phenotypic Ratio:**Possible gametes:* Bbff: Bf, bf* BbFf: BF, Bf, bF, bfPunnett Square:| | BF | Bf | bF | bf ||---|----|----|----|----|| Bf | BBFf | BBff | BbFf | Bbff || bf | BbFf | Bbff | bbFf | bbff |Phenotypes:* Black spots, smooth fins (BBFf, BbFf): 3/8 (or 37.5%)* Black spots, frilly fins (BBff, Bbff): 3/8 (or 37.5%)* No spots, smooth fins (bbFf): 1/8 (or 12.5%)* No spots, frilly fins (bbff): 1/8 (or 12.5%)The phenotypic ratio is 3:3:1:1.* **ii. Chances of recessive traits:**Offspring with both recessive traits (no spots, frilly fins) are represented by the bbff genotype. There is 1/8 chance of this occurring, or 12.5%.* **iii. Chances of dominant traits:**Offspring with both dominant traits (black spots, smooth fins) are represented by the BBFf and BbFf genotypes. There is a 3/8 chance of this occurring, or 37.5%.

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