square How do we choose Members of Parliament (MPs) and Senators? square ) To whom are Members of Parliament and Senators accountable?

**How do we choose Members of Parliament (MPs) and Senators?*** **Members of Parliament (MPs):** MPs are elected by the people in their local constituency (electoral district) during a general election. Each constituency elects one MP to represent them in the House of Commons. The candidate who receives the most votes in each constituency wins and becomes the MP. This system is often called "first past the post" or "winner-take-all."* **Senators:** Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. This means the Prime Minister essentially chooses who becomes a Senator. Senators are appointed to represent specific regions of the country and must meet certain criteria, such as age and property ownership requirements. **To whom are Members of Parliament and Senators accountable?*** **Members of Parliament (MPs):** MPs are primarily accountable to their constituents – the people who voted for them. They are expected to represent their constituents' interests in Parliament and work to address their concerns. MPs are also accountable to their political party and its leader, particularly if they are members of the governing party. Ultimately, they are accountable to Parliament itself through its rules and procedures. If an MP acts unethically or illegally, they can face sanctions from Parliament.* **Senators:** Senators are accountable to the Senate itself through its rules and procedures. They are also accountable to the people of Canada, particularly the region they represent. While not directly elected, senators are expected to act in the best interests of the country and their region. They can face sanctions from the Senate for unethical or illegal behavior. Because they are appointed, they are also indirectly accountable to the Prime Minister who advised their appointment.