Pages 340-345 1. In the mid 1800s, African people were divided into A. Bands B. Ethnic groups C. Linguistic groups D. Linguistic and ethnic groups 2. Most Africans followed traditional beliefs, while others converted to and 3. Europeans had established contact with sub-Saharan Africans as early as the 1450s, however, they never look political control until the 1800 s because A. African armies were able to keep Europeans out for 400 years B. Europeans couldn't navigate African rivers C. Disease discouraged European exploration D. A, B. and C 4. The Europeans who did penetrate the interior of Africa were and 5. Henry Stanley found in 1871 and this sparked an interest of of Belgium, who commissioned Stanley to help him obtain land in the Congo 6. The motives that drove colonization in Africa were also at work in other lands The provided Europeans with a season to add land to their control because of the race to obtain new markets and __ to improve economics. A. Industrial Revolution land B. new markets; Industria Revolution C. Industrial Revolution; raw materials D. raw materials; new markets

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Pages 340-345 1. In the mid 1800s, African people were divided into A. Bands B. Ethnic groups C. Linguistic groups D. Linguistic and ethnic groups 2. Most Africans followed traditional beliefs, while others converted to and 3. Europeans had established contact with sub-Saharan Africans as early as the 1450s, however, they never look political control until the 1800 s because A. African armies were able to keep Europeans out for 400 years B. Europeans couldn't navigate African rivers C. Disease discouraged European exploration D. A, B. and C 4. The Europeans who did penetrate the interior of Africa were and 5. Henry Stanley found in 1871 and this sparked an interest of of Belgium, who commissioned Stanley to help him obtain land in the Congo 6. The motives that drove colonization in Africa were also at work in other lands The provided Europeans with a season to add land to their control because of the race to obtain new markets and __ to improve economics. A. Industrial Revolution land B. new markets; Industria Revolution C. Industrial Revolution; raw materials D. raw materials; new markets

Answer 1

1. **D. Linguistic and ethnic groups**2. **Islam** and **Christianity**3. **C. Disease discouraged European exploration** While African resistance and the difficulty of navigating certain rivers played a role, the biggest obstacle to large-scale European colonization before the 19th century was disease, particularly malaria. Advances in medicine, such as quinine, helped Europeans survive in the interior.4. **Explorers**, **missionaries**, and **humanitarians** (Some sources might also include traders.)5. **Dr. Livingstone**; **King Leopold II**6. **C. Industrial Revolution; raw materials** The Industrial Revolution created a huge demand for raw materials like rubber and minerals, which Africa possessed in abundance. It also fueled the search for new markets for European manufactured goods.

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