Use the following information to answer the next question A group of students are painting three aluminurconducting an experiment to investigate albedo. They model albedo by . They measure the initial temperature inside each can and then shine a light onto the cans. After a period of time they record the final temperature. Variables 1. Colour of the can 2. Time the light shines on each can 3. Change in temperature 16. Match the variables numbered above with the type of variable listed below. Variable: Type: Manipulated Responding Controlled (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.) 17. How much thermal energy is required to melt 5.00 g of ice with no change in temperature? (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.) 18. 4.53 kJ of thermal energy is needed to heat a sample of ice from -56.0^circ C to -29.5^circ C The theoretical specific heat capacity of ice is 2.10J/g^circ C The mass of the ice sample is __ g. (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical.-response section on the answer sheet.)

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Use the following information to answer the next question A group of students are painting three aluminurconducting an experiment to investigate albedo. They model albedo by . They measure the initial temperature inside each can and then shine a light onto the cans. After a period of time they record the final temperature. Variables 1. Colour of the can 2. Time the light shines on each can 3. Change in temperature 16. Match the variables numbered above with the type of variable listed below. Variable: Type: Manipulated Responding Controlled (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.) 17. How much thermal energy is required to melt 5.00 g of ice with no change in temperature? (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.) 18. 4.53 kJ of thermal energy is needed to heat a sample of ice from -56.0^circ C to -29.5^circ C The theoretical specific heat capacity of ice is 2.10J/g^circ C The mass of the ice sample is __ g. (Record your three-digit answer in the numerical.-response section on the answer sheet.)

Answer 1

**16.*** **Manipulated Variable:** 1 (Color of the can). This is the variable the experimenters are deliberately changing.* **Responding Variable:** 3 (Change in temperature). This is the variable that is measured in response to the manipulated variable.* **Controlled Variable:** 2 (Time the light shines on each can). This variable is kept constant to ensure a fair test.Therefore, the three-digit answer is **132**.**17.**The heat of fusion for ice is 334 J/g. This means it takes 334 Joules of energy to melt 1 gram of ice at 0°C.To find the energy needed to melt 5.00 g of ice:Energy = (mass of ice) * (heat of fusion)Energy = (5.00 g) * (334 J/g)Energy = 1670 JSince the question asks for a three-digit answer, and we can assume two significant figures based on the provided mass, we round to **170** J. The three-digit answer is **170**.**18.**We use the formula: Q = mcΔTWhere:* Q = thermal energy (4.53 kJ = 4530 J - important to convert to Joules)* m = mass (what we're solving for)* c = specific heat capacity (2.10 J/g°C)* ΔT = change in temperature (-29.5°C - (-56.0°C) = 26.5°C)Rearranging the formula to solve for mass:m = Q / (cΔT)m = 4530 J / (2.10 J/g°C * 26.5°C)m = 4530 J / 55.65 J/gm = 81.38 gRounding to three significant figures (based on the provided values in the problem), the mass is 81.4 g. The three-digit answer is **081**.

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