6. The chromosome means 7.The purpose of the chromosome is to 8. The DNA is condensed in the chromosome by being wrapped around 9.The two parts of the chromosomes are the and the 10. The chromatid is the part of the chromosome that has the 11. The centromere is the part of the chromosome that the __ together. 12. Explain the value of condensing the DNA into a chromosome.

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6. The chromosome means 7.The purpose of the chromosome is to 8. The DNA is condensed in the chromosome by being wrapped around 9.The two parts of the chromosomes are the and the 10. The chromatid is the part of the chromosome that has the 11. The centromere is the part of the chromosome that the __ together. 12. Explain the value of condensing the DNA into a chromosome.

Answer 1

6. The chromosome means **a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.**7. The purpose of the chromosome is to **carry the genetic information (DNA) organized into genes. These genes determine the traits of an organism and are passed from one generation to the next.**8. The DNA is condensed in the chromosome by being wrapped around **proteins called histones.**9. The two parts of the chromosomes are the **two sister chromatids** and the **centromere.**10. The chromatid is the part of the chromosome that has the **copied DNA (genetic material).** Each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids after DNA replication.11. The centromere is the part of the chromosome that **holds the two sister chromatids** together.12. Condensing DNA into chromosomes is crucial for several reasons:* **Efficient DNA Replication and Cell Division:** The long DNA molecules need to be condensed to be efficiently replicated and accurately distributed to daughter cells during cell division. Imagine trying to separate and evenly distribute extremely long, tangled threads – it would be a mess! Chromosomes provide an organized structure for this process.* **Protection of DNA:** The compact structure of chromosomes protects the DNA from damage and degradation. It's like neatly packing fragile items for transport instead of letting them jumble around and break.* **Regulation of Gene Expression:** The way DNA is packaged into chromosomes influences which genes are active or inactive. The tight packing can make certain genes inaccessible to the cellular machinery that reads and interprets them. This controlled access is essential for proper cell function and development.* **Organized Storage:** Chromosomes allow for the vast amount of genetic information to be efficiently stored within the tiny nucleus of a cell. It's a remarkable feat of organization, like fitting a massive library into a small room.

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