2. Explain how Newton's second law applies to a crane that is capable of lifting various objects with different masses. (2)

Newton's Second Law states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma). This applies to a crane in the following ways:1. **Lifting different masses:** To lift a heavier object (larger mass), the crane must exert a larger upward force. This is because the force of gravity pulling down on the object is greater, and the net upward force needed to overcome gravity and cause upward acceleration (or even just to hold it steady) is directly proportional to the mass.2. **Acceleration of the load:** If the crane accelerates a load upwards, it must exert a force greater than the force of gravity on the load. The greater the desired upward acceleration, the greater the force the crane needs to apply. Similarly, if the crane lowers a load with a downward acceleration, the force exerted by the crane is less than the force of gravity on the load.