What is the primary difference between Indigenous sovereignty and self- determination? Self-determination is a concept only applicable to non-Indigenous peoples. Self-determination means complete independence from any government. Sovereignty is granted by the colonial government. Sovereignty involves autonomy and traditiona governance, while self- determination operates within colonial governance structures.

Sovereignty involves autonomy and traditional governance, while self-determination operates within colonial governance structures. Sovereignty, as understood by many Indigenous peoples, refers to inherent political and legal authority over their territories and communities, predating colonization. It encompasses the right to self-govern based on their own laws, customs, and traditions. Self-determination, while related, often acknowledges the existing colonial framework and seeks greater autonomy and control *within* that system. It can include things like control over education, healthcare, and resource management, but it doesn't necessarily challenge the overarching authority of the colonial state in the same way that assertions of sovereignty do.<br />