Which of the following statements accurately compares the processes of devolution and supranationalism that challenge the sovereignty of Canada? A Centripetal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States Canada, and Mexico is a centrifugal force on a national level. B Centripetal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States Canada, and Mexico challenges the Canadian government's independence on a national level. C Centrifugal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States Canada, and Mexico challenges the Canadien government's independence on a national level. D Centripetal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States Canada, and Mexico is a governance issue at the provincial scale.

The correct answer is **C. Centrifugal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico challenges the Canadian government's independence on a national level.**<br /><br />Here's why:<br /><br />* **Centrifugal forces:** These forces pull a nation apart. Quebec's distinct cultural identity (francophone) and historical desire for greater autonomy or even independence represent a centrifugal force within Canada. It acts to divide the nation.<br /><br />* **Supranationalism (like the USMCA/NAFTA):** This involves nations giving up some degree of sovereignty to a larger organization or agreement. While beneficial for trade and economic cooperation, it *can* limit a nation's ability to act independently on certain issues. The USMCA (formerly NAFTA) is an example of this. Canada, by entering this agreement, has agreed to certain trade rules and regulations that could potentially constrain its independent decision-making on economic matters. This challenges sovereignty at the national level.<br /><br />The other options are incorrect because:<br /><br />* **A and D:** The free trade agreement is not a centripetal force (uniting) within Canada itself. It operates at a supranational level, affecting the relationship *between* countries. Option D also incorrectly identifies the trade agreement as a provincial-level issue when it's international.<br /><br />* **B:** While correctly identifying the free trade agreement's challenge to Canadian independence, it incorrectly labels the forces in Quebec as centripetal.<br />