74.Why did Iraq invade Kuwait in 1990? 75.What was the world response to this invasion? 76. What did Canada do sanctio What change did President George Bush Senior see for the United Nations after War? 78.Why did the UN intervene in Somalia? 79. What crisis did Canadian peacekeepers in the region face? 80. What affect did this crisis have on the Canadian Armed Forces? 81. How did the UN fail the people of Rwanda?

74. Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990 primarily claiming that Kuwait was historically part of Iraq and had been slant-drilling into Iraqi oil fields, thus stealing Iraqi oil. However, the real motives were likely a combination of economic factors, including Iraq's massive debt incurred during the Iran-Iraq War, and Saddam Hussein's desire for regional dominance and control of Kuwait's vast oil reserves.<br /><br />75. The world response to the invasion was swift and largely unified. The United Nations Security Council condemned the invasion and imposed economic sanctions on Iraq. A US-led coalition of 35 nations was formed under UN authorization to liberate Kuwait. This coalition launched Operation Desert Shield (the build-up of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia) and subsequently Operation Desert Storm (the offensive to liberate Kuwait).<br /><br />76. Canada joined the US-led coalition in the Gulf War, contributing naval vessels and a CF-18 fighter squadron. Canada enforced the UN sanctions against Iraq and participated in the military operations to liberate Kuwait. This marked a significant Canadian military deployment in a major international conflict.<br /><br />77. After the Gulf War, President George H.W. Bush envisioned a "new world order" where the United Nations would play a more active and effective role in maintaining international peace and security. He believed the successful coalition effort demonstrated the potential for collective security through the UN.<br /><br />78. The UN intervened in Somalia in 1992 primarily for humanitarian reasons. Somalia was experiencing a severe famine exacerbated by ongoing civil war and the collapse of the central government. The UN mission, initially known as UNOSOM I, aimed to provide humanitarian aid and restore order.<br /><br />79. Canadian peacekeepers deployed to Somalia as part of UNOSOM I faced a challenging and volatile environment. The most prominent crisis involved the killing of a Somali teenager by Canadian Airborne Regiment soldiers in March 1993. This incident, known as the Somalia Affair, sparked a national controversy in Canada and led to inquiries and investigations into the conduct of Canadian troops.<br /><br />80. The Somalia Affair had a profound and negative impact on the Canadian Armed Forces. It damaged the reputation of the military, led to the disbandment of the Airborne Regiment, and prompted a broader examination of military culture and training. The crisis also contributed to a decline in public trust and confidence in the Canadian military.<br /><br />81. The UN failed the people of Rwanda during the 1994 genocide primarily through inaction and a lack of resources. Despite warnings of impending violence, the UN peacekeeping force present in Rwanda (UNAMIR) was woefully understaffed and lacked the mandate to intervene effectively to stop the killings. The UN Security Council also delayed authorizing reinforcements and ultimately withdrew most of the peacekeepers, abandoning Rwandans during the height of the genocide. This failure is widely considered one of the darkest chapters in UN history.<br />