7-Which of the following was NOT part of the ambitious program proposed by American leaders during the last two years of James Madison's second term? Building new canals and roads Establishing a new political party Enacting a tariff to protect American manufacturers

Establishing a new political party was NOT part of the ambitious program. That program, often called the "American System," focused on economic development and infrastructure improvements, not partisan politics. The key components were indeed building roads and canals (to facilitate trade and westward expansion) and enacting protective tariffs (to foster American manufacturing).<br />