Use with textbook pages 312-321. Nuclear fission and fusion reactions Remember the following two rules when working with nuclear equations: I. The sum of the mass numbers does not change. II. The sum of the charges in the nucleus does not change. Identify each nuclear equation (nuclear fission or nuclear fusion) and then comp nuclear equation. (}_{0)^1n+_(92)^235U... cdot _(54)^143Xe+_(38)^90Sr+3^1_(n)^1n 2. (}^2H+underline { )... ... _(1)^1H+_(1)^3H 3. (}_{0)^1n+_(92)^235Uarrow _(60)^152Nd+underline ( )+4_(0)^1n 4. (}_{2)^2H+_(1)^2H arrow _(2)^3He+underline ( ) 5 (}_{0)^1n+underline ( )... ... _(37)^90Rb+_(55)^143Cs+3_(0)^1n 6 (}_{1)^2H+_(1)^3H arrow _(2)^4He+underline ( ) 7. (}_{0)^1n+_(100)^256Fm arrow underline ( )+_(54)^140Xe+4_(0)^1n 8 (}_{0)^1n+_(92)^235Uarrow _(39)^106Y+underline ( )+3_(0)^1n 9. (}_{0)^1n+_(92)^235U... cdot _(49)^115In+_(43)^118Tc+ 0^n 10. (}_{0)^1+underline ( )... ... _(52)^137Te+_(42)^100Mo+3_(0)^n

Let's analyze each nuclear equation, identify it as fission or fusion, and complete it.<br /><br />**Key Concepts:**<br /><br />* **Nuclear Fission:** A heavy nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei, releasing energy and neutrons.<br />* **Nuclear Fusion:** Two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.<br /><br />**Solutions:**<br /><br />1. **Fission:** ¹₀n + ²³⁵₉₂U → ¹⁴³₅₄Xe + ⁹⁰₃₈Sr + 3¹₀n (This is a classic example of nuclear fission of Uranium-235.)<br /><br />2. **Fusion:** ²₁H + **²₁H** → ¹₁H + ³₁H (Two deuterium atoms fuse to form tritium and a proton.)<br /><br />3. **Fission:** ¹₀n + ²³⁵₉₂U → ¹⁵²₆₀Nd + **⁸¹₃₂Ge** + 4¹₀n (The missing product is Germanium-81. Remember to balance mass numbers and atomic numbers.)<br /><br />4. **Fusion:** ²₁H + ²₁H → ³₂He + **¹₀n** (Two deuterium atoms fuse to form Helium-3 and a neutron.)<br /><br />5. **Fission:** ¹₀n + **²³⁸₉₄Pu** → ⁹⁰₃₇Rb + ¹⁴³₅₅Cs + 3¹₀n (The missing reactant is Plutonium-238. This is another example of fission.)<br /><br />6. **Fusion:** ²₁H + ³₁H → ⁴₂He + **¹₀n** (Deuterium and tritium fuse to form Helium-4 and a neutron. This is a common fusion reaction.)<br /><br />7. **Fission:** ¹₀n + ²⁵⁶₁₀₀Fm → **¹¹²₄₆Pd** + ¹⁴⁰₅₄Xe + 4¹₀n (The missing product is Palladium-112.)<br /><br />8. **Fission:** ¹₀n + ²³⁵₉₂U → ¹⁰⁶₃₉Y + **¹²⁷₅₃I** + 3¹₀n (The missing product is Iodine-127.)<br /><br />9. **Fission:** ¹₀n + ²³⁵₉₂U → ¹¹⁵₄₉In + ¹¹⁸₄₃Tc + **3¹₀n** (Three neutrons are released to balance the equation.)<br /><br />10. **Fission:** ¹₀n + **²³⁹₉₄Pu** → ¹³⁷₅₂Te + ¹⁰⁰₄₂Mo + 3¹₀n (The missing reactant is Plutonium-239.)<br /><br /><br />**Explanation of how to solve these problems:**<br /><br />In each equation, you need to ensure that the sum of the mass numbers (superscripts) and the sum of the atomic numbers (subscripts) are equal on both sides of the equation. For example, in problem 3:<br /><br />* **Mass numbers:** 1 + 235 = 152 + x + 4(1). Solving for x gives x = 81.<br />* **Atomic numbers:** 0 + 92 = 60 + y + 4(0). Solving for y gives y = 32.<br /><br />Therefore, the missing product has a mass number of 81 and an atomic number of 32, which corresponds to Germanium-81 (⁸¹₃₂Ge). Apply this same logic to all the problems. Remember that the neutron (n) has a mass number of 1 and an atomic number of 0.<br />