4. How much kinetic energy does a 2 kg toy car have if it is moving at 3m/s 5. Which has the greater effect on the kinetic energy, the mass or the velocity, or are the equal? 6. What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

4. The kinetic energy (KE) of an object is given by the formula:<br /><br /> KE = (1/2) * m * v²<br /><br /> Where:<br /> * m is the mass of the object (in kg)<br /> * v is the velocity of the object (in m/s)<br /><br /> In this case, the mass (m) of the toy car is 2 kg and its velocity (v) is 3 m/s. Plugging these values into the formula:<br /><br /> KE = (1/2) * 2 kg * (3 m/s)²<br /> KE = (1/2) * 2 kg * 9 m²/s²<br /> KE = 9 kg⋅m²/s²<br /> KE = 9 Joules<br /><br /> Therefore, the toy car has a kinetic energy of 9 Joules.<br /><br /><br />5. Velocity has a greater effect on kinetic energy than mass. This is because velocity is squared in the kinetic energy formula (KE = 1/2mv²), while mass is not. Doubling the mass will double the kinetic energy, but doubling the velocity will *quadruple* the kinetic energy.<br /><br /><br />6. The formula for gravitational potential energy (GPE) is:<br /><br /> GPE = m * g * h<br /><br /> Where:<br /> * m is the mass of the object (in kg)<br /> * g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s² on Earth)<br /> * h is the height of the object above a reference point (in meters)<br />