9. Among the following one is not the factor that determines disability impact on an individual with disabilities. A. Personality trait of the person B. The nature of the disability C. The meaning of the disability to the individual D. Political and economic system of the country E. None of the above 10. Except one, all are psychological constructs that describe the psychological environment of persons with disabilities on how they perceive and experience disability. A. Stigma and prejudice D. Personality traits B. Cognition E. None of the above C. Individuals perception 11. Which one of the following is not true about self-efficacy beliefs in connection to persons with disabilities? A. It is person's beliefs on what he/she can accomplish B. It is a belief on one's ability C. It doesn't affect the person's affective and emotional responses D. All are answers 12. Building peace and democracy requires all of the following; except, A. Fostering inclusion B. Addressing inequality C. Considering diversity as a source of problem D. Valuing and respecting diversity E. All of the above 13. One of the following does not foster inclusive development. A. Equal distribution of social and material benefits B. Achieving the rights and equity of citizens C. Underestimating marginalized and excluded groups D. Inclusiveness in all walks of life E. All of the above

9. **D. Political and economic system of the country**<br /><br />While the political and economic system can certainly influence the resources and support available to individuals with disabilities, it isn't a direct factor determining the *impact* of the disability on the individual themselves. The impact is more personal and relates to the individual's characteristics, the nature of their disability, and their interpretation of it.<br /><br />10. **D. Personality traits**<br /><br />Personality traits are inherent characteristics of an individual. While they can influence how a person copes with disability, they are not part of the *psychological environment* surrounding disability, which encompasses societal attitudes, stigma, and personal perceptions.<br /><br />11. **C. It doesn't affect the person's affective and emotional responses.**<br /><br />Self-efficacy significantly impacts a person's emotional responses. A strong belief in one's abilities leads to positive emotions like confidence and resilience, while low self-efficacy can contribute to anxiety, frustration, and depression.<br /><br />12. **C. Considering diversity as a source of problem**<br /><br />Diversity should be seen as a strength, not a problem. Inclusive societies recognize and value the contributions of all individuals, regardless of their differences. Viewing diversity as problematic undermines the very foundation of peace and democracy.<br /><br />13. **C. Underestimating marginalized and excluded groups**<br /><br />Inclusive development, by definition, requires recognizing and valuing the contributions of *all* groups, especially those who are marginalized and excluded. Underestimating these groups actively hinders inclusive development.<br />